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Glossary of Terms & KPI Definitions

This article defines every metric Wayflyer Intelligence can answer questions about. Metrics are grouped by topic so you can find what you need quickly. Each definition includes the underlying formula where one applies.

Available splits (dimensions)

You can group and filter most metrics by the dimensions below. The matrix shows which metric category each dimension is available on.

Dimension

Order-based (Revenue, Discounts, Orders, Customer)

Marketing (Ad Spend, Clicks, Impressions…)

Web analytics (Sessions, Conversion Rate)

Store

✓*

✓*

Territory

Sales channel

✓*

✓*

Sales platform

✓*

✓*

Marketing platform

Marketing channel

Product - name, SKU, category, etc.

UTM - source, medium, campaign, ad group, ad

Payment gateway

Promo code — checkout discount code

Order status — financial / fulfillment

* Only available when one Shopify store is connected.


Data sources

Your access to each metric depends on which connectors you have set up.

Source

Unlocks

Shopify

Revenue, Discounts, Refunds, Units, Orders, Customer, Inventory, Tax, LTV, CAC

Google Analytics 4

Sessions, Conversion Rate, Revenue attribution

Google Ads

Ad spend, clicks, impressions, platform ROAS, platform-attributed conversions for Google

Meta Ads

Ad spend, clicks, impressions, platform ROAS, platform-attributed conversions for Meta

TikTok Ads

Ad spend, clicks, impressions


KPI Definitions

Revenue

Gross Revenue Total value of your orders, including shipping revenue, including tax and accounting for checkout discounts, but not accounting for refunds.

  • Formula: Gross Product Revenue + Gross Shipping Revenue

Gross Product Revenue Gross revenue from products only, excluding shipping.

Gross Shipping Revenue Shipping fees paid by your customers to your business.

Gross Revenue less Refunds Gross Revenue with refunds deducted; refunds are tied to the original order date.

  • Formula: Gross Revenue − Gross Refund

Net Revenue Total value of your orders, including shipping revenue, excluding tax and accounting for checkout discounts, but not accounting for refunds.

  • Formula: Gross Revenue − Tax

Net Revenue less Refunds Net Revenue with refunds deducted.

  • Formula: Net Revenue − Net Refund

Net Revenue less Refunds and Shipping Net Revenue with refunds and shipping revenue both removed — useful for product-only economics.

New Customer Gross Revenue Gross revenue from orders placed by customers ordering for the first time.

Existing Customer Gross Revenue Gross revenue from orders placed by customers who have ordered before.

New Customer Revenue % Share of gross revenue coming from new customers.

  • Formula: New Customer Gross Revenue / Gross Revenue

Existing Customer Revenue % Share of gross revenue coming from existing customers.

  • Formula: Existing Customer Gross Revenue / Gross Revenue

Gross Revenue Mix % Each row's share of total gross revenue across the current breakdown — for example, each product's share of revenue when grouped by product.

Gross Revenue Percentile Each row's rank within the breakdown, from 0 to 100.


Profitability

Contribution (before COGS) Net revenue (less refunds) minus marketing spend. A quick read on whether revenue is outpacing marketing investment. Does not yet account for product costs.

  • Formula: Net Revenue less Refunds − Ad Spend


Discounts & Refunds

Gross Discount Revenue lost to checkout discounts. Excludes markdowns and price-list discounts.

Discount % Percentage of revenue lost to checkout discounts.

  • Formula: Gross Discount / (Gross Revenue + Gross Discount)

New Customer Discount % Discount % on new-customer orders.

Existing Customer Discount % Discount % on existing-customer orders.

Number of Orders with Discounts Count of orders where a checkout discount was applied.

% Orders Discounted Share of orders that had a checkout discount.

Gross Refund Product and shipping revenue refunded from orders placed in the selected date range. Refunds may have occurred outside of the selected date range — they're tied to the original order date.

  • Formula: Gross Product Refund + Gross Shipping Refund

Gross Product Refund Refunded product revenue.

Gross Shipping Refund Refunded shipping revenue.

Net Refund Refunds excluding tax.

Refund % Percentage of revenue refunded.

  • Formula: Gross Refund / Gross Revenue

Existing Customer Refund % Refund % on existing-customer orders.


Units & Orders

Orders Number of orders placed, excluding orders with zero gross revenue.

Orders (Including Zero Revenue Orders) Same as Orders, but counts zero-value orders (e.g. comp orders) too.

Units Sold Quantity of units sold across all orders.

Net Units Units sold net of refunded units.

  • Formula: Units Sold − Units Refunded

Units Refunded Quantity of units refunded.

Units Allocated Units allocated to orders (for stock-allocation reporting).

Units per Order Average number of units per order.

  • Formula: Units Sold / Orders

New Customer Units per Order Units per order on new-customer orders.

Existing Customer Units per Order Units per order on existing-customer orders.

Average Order Value (AOV) Average order value, including tax and shipping as paid by your customers.

  • Formula: Gross Revenue / Orders

New Customer AOV AOV on new-customer orders.

Existing Customer AOV AOV on existing-customer orders.

Average Selling Price (ASP) Average revenue per unit.

  • Formula: Gross Product Revenue / Units Sold


Customer

Total Customers Number of unique customers who placed an order in the selected date range.

Customers Acquired (New Customers) Number of customers placing their first ever order in the selected date range.

Existing Customers Number of returning customers (customers who had ordered before the selected date range).

Existing Customers Mix % Share of customers that are returning.

Customers Acquired Mix % Share of customers that are new.

Customer Order Frequency Average number of orders per customer in the date range.

  • Formula: Orders / Total Customers

Existing Customer Order Frequency Average orders per existing customer in the date range.

  • Formula: Existing Customer Orders / Existing Customers

6 / 12 / 24-month Order Frequency Average orders per cohort customer within 6, 12, or 24 months of acquisition.

  • Formula: Cohort Orders (window) / Customers in Cohort

3 / 6 / 12 / 24-month Repeat Rate Share of acquired customers who placed at least one additional order within the cohort window.

  • Formula: Customers with a Repeat Purchase / Customers in Cohort

Average Days Between Orders Average gap between consecutive orders for repeat customers.


Web traffic & Attribution

Sessions Number of visits to your website, pulled from Google Analytics.

Conversion Rate Share of sessions that resulted in an order.

  • Formula: Orders / Sessions

Conversion Rate (incl. Untracked) Conversion Rate including orders that weren't matched to a Google Analytics session.

Platform Attributed Conversions Orders attributed to a marketing platform using that platform's own attribution model (Meta, Google, TikTok).

Platform Attributed Revenue Gross revenue from platform-attributed orders.

Platform ROAS

  • Formula: Platform Attributed Revenue / Ad Spend

Platform ACoS

  • Formula: Ad Spend / Platform Attributed Revenue


Advertising & Marketing

Ad Spend Total cost of your digital marketing campaigns across Google Ads, Meta Ads, TikTok Ads.

Clicks Number of clicks your ads received across connected platforms.

Impressions Number of times your ads were shown across connected platforms.

Max Search Impressions Maximum possible search impressions for your campaigns (used to calculate impression share).

Impression Share Share of total available impressions your ads captured.

  • Formula: Impressions / Max Search Impressions

Click-through Rate (CTR)

  • Formula: Clicks / Impressions

Cost per Click (CPC)

  • Formula: Ad Spend / Clicks

Cost per Mille (CPM) Cost per 1,000 impressions.

  • Formula: Ad Spend / (Impressions / 1,000)

Cost per Order (CPO)

  • Formula: Ad Spend / Orders

Return on Ad Spend (ROAS)

  • Formula: Gross Revenue / Ad Spend

ROAS (Net Revenue less Refunds)

  • Formula: Net Revenue less Refunds / Ad Spend

TACoS (Total Advertising Cost of Sales)

  • Formula: Ad Spend / Gross Revenue


LTV & CAC

CAC (Customer Acquisition Cost) Average marketing spend per newly-acquired customer.

  • Formula: Ad Spend / Customers Acquired

LTV Gross Revenue Gross revenue generated by a customer cohort. Reported on 6-month, 12-month, and 24-month windows.

  • Formula: Cohort Gross Revenue (window) / Customers in Cohort

LTV Net Revenue less Refunds Net revenue (less refunds) generated by a customer cohort, on 6 / 12 / 24-month windows.

LTV Contribution Average contribution per cohort customer.

  • Formula: (Net Revenue − COGS − Refunds) over cohort window / Customers in Cohort

LTV to CAC, Contribution

  • Formula: LTV Contribution / CAC

LTV Tax Tax generated by a cohort over the window (Product Tax + Shipping Tax variants also available).

Cumulative LTV variants Each LTV metric also has a cumulative variant that returns the running total per month-since-acquisition — used to plot LTV curves.


Tax

Tax Total tax across orders.

  • Formula: Product Tax + Shipping Tax

Product Tax Tax collected on products.

Shipping Tax Tax collected on shipping.

Tax less Refunds Tax net of refunded tax.


Inventory

# SKUs Number of unique SKUs matching your filters.

Daily Rate of Sale Average units sold per day over the selected period.

  • Formula: Units Sold / Days in Period

Option Count Number of product options (variants).


Need a metric that isn't listed here? Get in touch — we're regularly expanding what's available.

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